jan 1, 63 BC - Pompey the Great (Rome)

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Pompey the Great was a Roman general and political leader. In 63 BCE, he intervened in a civil conflict between rival Hasmonean claimants, Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II. Pompey captured Jerusalem and entered the Temple, including the Holy of Holies, which was seen by Jews as a major violation. This event ended full Hasmonean independence and brought Judea under Roman domination, setting the stage for Herod, Roman governors, and eventually the Jewish revolts.

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