French Revolution Timeline

5 May 1789: Call of The General estate Storming of the Bastille Tennis Court Oath Declaration of the Rights of Man March of the Versailles Royal Family attempts to Flee 1791 Constitution Execution of Louis XVI Execution of Marie Antoinette Napoleon Rises to Power 7 July, 1788: The First Revolt against the King 21 July, 1788: Assembly of Vizille 8 August 1788: The royal Treasury is declared empty Necker announces that representation of the third estate be double and clergymen are now eligible to sit with the third Estate 27 April 1789: Riots starts in Faubourgs Saint-Antoine 4 July, 1788: Start of the French Revolution The new constitution of France is ratified Champ-de-Mars massacre 14th July 1780: Fête de la Fédération Necker, the finance minister, is dismissed. The National Assembly takes charge of the public treasury. 26th November 1790: France goes to war with Austria Due to the domestic problems and the international pressure, France declared war on Austria 12th August 1792: The commune of Paris was taken over by Jacobins The national Assembly Declares war on Britain and on the Dutch Republic A Revolt against the Revolutionary Leaders Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat by Charlotte Corday The jacobin Coup d'État Committee on Public safety takes control over government The day of titles in Grenoble it was one of the first disturbances that led to the French Revolution. The Assembly of Vizille or the Estate of Dauphine was a meeting to discuss the day of titles A crowd of women marched to the Versailles (the palace) and demand that King Louis to provide them with bread to feed their families because they felt that it was his job as king to take care of them. written Document that outlines all man rights king Louis XVI was forced to sign the document into the law It ended the feudal system. The Document stated that: All men were equal and had equal rights to life, liberty and property (this did not include women WHICH IT SHOULD) 4 August 1789: Nobles in National assembly end feudal rights- the nobles read a letter and saw the despair of the people then decided to end feudal rights to ingite enthusiasm in the people June- August: The Great Fear June- August: The Great Fear (copy) A group of workers from the Reveillon Wallpaper Factory rioted in Paris 25 people were killed King louis XVI called estate to gather because of the financial crisis in France. The third Estate had no more money to give and the First and Second estate would give him none The purpose was to discuss and on a new tax The Third Estate would not give the king what he wanted without changing the voting. In the past the First and Second estates always out voted them 2-1 After being locked out from the regular meeting room, the Third Estate went to an indoor tennis court. Third Estate declared Themselves a National Assembly Swore oath to: Not to disband until they have a written constitution end old regime Create a Government based on the will of people. People in the country, in support of the national assembly, stormed the Bastille (King's prison) demanding that prisoners be released and weapons and gunpowder, that they believed to be located in the prison. This attack on the Bastille impacted many things and was also what started the French Revolution and provided it with an extreme amount of momentum. The Fête de la Fédération was holiday in France to honor the French Revolution Established the Kingdom of France, constitutional monarchy, as a Legislative Assembly. 2 November 1789: Church property seized by the French government- a decree was made that gave the government control of the Church's property June 1790 Formal abolition of nobility and hereditary titles- the abolishing of titles made everyone that had a title no better than the average person 12 July 1790: Civil Constitution of the Clergy- l aw passed that made the Catholic Church be submissive to the French government Jacobins started petitions in the Champ-de- Mars saying that they no longer needed royalty, just a republic. The National Assembly sent in troops and things spiraled out of control leaving 50 people dead. French revolutionary leaders were fearful of the emigres plans and decided to take action by confiscating their land 9 February 1791: Property of emigres forfeited- The commune of Paris was taken over by Jacobins and they stormed the Tuileries palace and imprisoned Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette 28 February 1791: The ‘Day of Daggers’ or ‘Poignard conspiracy’ a group of 400 armed nobles invade the Tuileries to protect the king. The nobles were disarmed by Lafayette and the National Guard. 2nd April 1791: The death of Honore Mirabeau. 18th April 1791: The royal family attempts to leave Paris for a summer palace at Saint-Cloud, but their journey is prevented by a Paris mob. May 15 1791 Black citizens of French colonies granted equal rights- the Legislative Assembly agreed to grant blacks equal rights with hopes of subdue the slave revolt from the previous year 14th August: Slave uprisings break out in the French Caribbean colony of Saint Domingue The French Constitution of 1791 was teh second written Constitution in France. It was an important result of the french revolution and adopted the Declaration of the right of man and of the citizens as its introduction. The constitution meant the creation of a French constitutional monarchy. The main controversy was the level of power to be granted to the king of France in such system 1st October : The Legislative Assembly meets for the first time. 27th August : Declaration of Pillnitz- this declaration was supposed to support the French monarchy and stall the European war, but was misinterpreted and resulted in the opposite effect King Louis XVI was a major a event durring the revolution. the execution took place at the Revolution square. Louis XVI was convicted of treason on January 17 1792 in a unanimous vote and was executed the guillotine. Marie and her husband King Louis XVI attempted to flee to Varennes as the revolution got stronger, but got captured and was brought back to Paris. Marie was convicted of high treason by the Revolutionary Tribunal, her trial lasted 2 days. She was then executed by Guillotine on Place de la Revolution. Marie was extremely hated my the people for her naivete, shallowness and greed. They referred to her as "Madame Deficit." There was a revolt against the revolutionary government at the port of Toulon. The revolt was then suppressed by the artillery captain napoleon Bonaparte 19th February 1790: The Marquis de Favras is found guilty of plotting to organize an armed force, rescue the king and initiate a royalist counter- revolution. He is executed by hanging. 21st March 1790: The gabelle tax on salt is suspended. 7th January 1790: riots for lower bread prices 30th April 1790: more Riots in Marseille. Three forts are captured, and the Chevalier de Beausset, is assassinated. 21st May 1790: Paris is reorganized into 48 sections. 10th August 1792: Storming of the Tuileries; Downfall of the King The Tuileries Palace is invaded by Parisians and republican soldiers. The king takes refuge in the Legislative Assembly, then is arrested and imprisoned. Soldiers of the Swiss Guard at the Tuileries are massacred. In the coming days the Legislative Assembly suspends the king, quashes his vetoes and establishes a national convention based on universal voting rights. Early military defeats and the threat of a Prussian invasion lead the Legislative Assembly to declare “La Patrie en danger”. The government is now given emergency powers. 1st January 1792: The Legislative Assembly declares the beginning of an “Era of Liberty”. 23rd January 1792: Food riots Break out again in Paris for the next 2 months 3rd March 1792: The mayor of etampes, a town outside of Paris is refusing to lower the prices. 10th March 1792: he king appoints a ministry dominated my Girondins and led by Brissot. 11th July 1792: “La Patrie en danger” 22nd August 1792: Royalist riots break out in the Vendee, Brittany and Dauphine. 26th August 1792: priests are ordered to take an oath of loyalty to the government if not they will face deportation 2-6th September 1792: There were a total of 1,200 deaths from a Massacre in Paris.( the majority were imprisoned royalists and clergymen) 22nd September 1792: The National Convention votes unanimously to abolish monarchy and declares year I of the Republic 11th December 1792: the trial of Louis XVI begins 4th February 1794: The National Convention abolishes slavery in all French colonies 15th February 1794: The red white and blue tri color flag is adopted 24th March 1793: The execution of Jaques Hebert and sveral of his followers 30th March 1794: Georges Danton is arrested for alleged Corruption (his trial in the revolutionary Tribunal begins three days later.) 5-6 April 1794: The execution of Danton, Desmoulins and their supporters. 7th May 1794: Robespierre Delivers a speech to the National Convention, outlining his proposal for the cult of the Supreme being. (the Convention endorses his proposal) 4th June 1794: Rospierre is elected president of the National Conventional. The fury of the Terror, the Cult of the Supreme Being, and the Downfall of Robespierre Festival of the Supreme Being, Acceleration of the Terror 10th May 1794: Execution of Madame Lisabeth (Louis XVI's sister) 12th November 1794: All Jacobin clubs are ordered to close down 27th July 1794: Rospierre's opponents orchestrate his deposition and arrest. Rospierre Saint-Just and others are executed without trial the following day. 11th August 1794: The Committee of Public safety is strip of they're exclusive power 5th August 1794: The re-formed government orders a mass release of political prisoners 18th September 1794: The National Convention renounces the ‘constitutional church’ and the Cult of the Supreme Being. 8th December 1794: Surviving Girondists deputies who were expelled from the National Convention in June 1793 are reinstated. 13th February 1793: The formation of the First Coalition, a European military alliance of Britain, Austria, Prussia, Holland, Spain and Sardinia. 31st May 1793: the sans culottes demand removal of Girondins from the National Convention, voting rights and lower bread prices 1st August 1793:The National Conventions adopts the metric system as the national system. 27th July 1793: Maximillian Robespierre and Louis Saint-Just are elected to the Committee of public safety 23rd August 1793: All public figures are required to take an oath to the new 1793 constitution 29th September 1793: The Maximum Price law is extended to all foods. 31st October 1793: The execution of Girondists leaders begins, continuing for the next month. Among those guillotined are Brissot, Vergniaud, Fauchet, Madame Roland, Bailly and Barnave. 10th November 1793: The festival of Liberty is declared in Paris April 1795: bread riots erupt in Paris (AGAIN) 31st May 1795: Revolutionary Tribunals are formally abolished 8th June 1795: Dauphin, the uncrowned Louis XVII dies in prison. 2nd August 1794: Constitution of 1795 is passed, outlining a new system of government that includes a five-man executive (the Directory) and a bicameral assembly (the Council of Elders and the Council of Five Hundred). 26th February: Directorate bans popular meetings at the Panetheon. 10th may 1796: Leaders of babeuf's "Conspiracy of equals" are arrested. An armed royalists by the orders of Paul in charge of the defense in Paris General Bonaparte led an army against the up rising by using cannons with grapeshot to break up rebels gathering front of the church of Saint-Roch, rue Saint-honoree. 22nd August 1795: Constitution approved, establishing Directory 1st January 1795: The churches re-open 7th September 1796: hundreds of supporters of Babeuf attack the palace of the Directorate but are routed. By July 1794, no one was safe from Robespierre. Then the National Convention turns on Robespierre and he was sentenced to death, with no one i charge and fear that the revolution had gone too far, they were left the emergence of a new leader of France. 10th Feb 1794: Jacques Roux commits suicide in prison. 6th October 1794: A French army captures Cologne 11th March 1794: The Committees of Public Safety and General Security denounce a planned uprising by the Cordeliers. 7th March 1793: War in Vendee. armed uprising against the rule of the convention, particularly against conscription in the the army. 3rd May 1793: The rebels of the Vendee, led by the aristocrats Charles de Bonchamps and Henri de La Rochejaquelein, captured Bressuire. Arrest leaders of sans-culottes in Paris 19th January 1795: French army of Pichegru captures Amsterdam 8th February 1795: Removal of the remains of Marat and three other extreme Jacobins from the Pantheon. 17th February 1795: An amnesty granted to former Vendean rebels, restoring freedom of religion. 5th March 1795: arrest of Jacobins who had carried out mass execution of population. The new constitution is adopted my the Convention. An executive Directory of five members set up by the Constitution of the year III. According to the terms of the Constitution, two-thirds of the deputies of the new Assembly are former deputies of the Convention. 23rd September 1795: Approved by a national referendum, the new Constitution comes into effect. 15th July 1795: two thousand more royalist were trapped by Hoche after landing at Quiberon 26th October 1795: Bonaparte is named commanded in chief of the army of the interior. 31st December 1795: Armistice on the Rhine halting combat between the French and Austrian armies 10th December 1795: The legislature votes a six hundred millions francs be taken from wealthy citizens 5th October 1795: General Bonaparte suppresses royalist rebellions. armed uprising against the Convention by Jacobins and sans-culottes. they invaded the halls to kill the convention and kill deputy Feruad. The army responds quickly and clears out the hall. The convention votes the arrest of the deputies involved in the uprising. 2nd January 1796: Creation by the Directory of the Ministry of the Police, under Merlin de Douai 26th January 1796: royalist and rebel leader Nicolas Stofflet tries to restart the War in the Vendée. 2nd February 1796: leader of the Irish revolutionaries, arrives in France, seeking military support to liberate Ireland. 23rd February 1796: The Vendéen rebel and royalist leader Nicolas Stofflet is captured and executed by firing squad in Angers the following day. 9th March 1796: Marriage of Napoléon Bonaparte and Josephine de Beauharnais, the widow of Alexandre de Beauharnais, a French general and political leader guillotined. 10th may 1796: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Lodi. 22nd June 1796: End of the civil war in the west of France, 8th September 1796: Bonaparte defeats the Austrians under Wurmser at the Battle of Bassano. 5th October 1796: Spain, now allied with France, declares war on Britain. 5th October 1796: Austria sends two more armies to northern Italy to confront Bonaparte. 10 April 1796: Bonaparte begins his Italian campaign with victories over the Austrians 10 July 1796: A new Austrian army under Wurmser arrives in Italy. 9th July 1796: The Island of Elba is occupied by the British. 19th August 1796: Treaty of alliance signed between France and Spain at San Ildefonso. 5th January 1798: he French legislature passes a law authorizing a loan of eighty million francs to prepare an invasion of England. 23rd February 1798: Bonaparte recommends to the Directory the abandonment of the invasion of England, and an invasion of Egypt instead. 5th march 1798: The directory a proves Bonaparte's plan to invade Egypt 4th April 1798: Following the French model, the new Helvetic Republic declares itself a secular republic. 22th March 1798: Under the sponsorship of General Brune, an assembly in Aarau proclaims a Helvetic Republic. 19th May 1798: Bonaparte set sail from Toulon for Egypt. 23rd May 1798: Anti-British uprising begins in Ireland; the Irish rebels believe that Bonaparte is sailing to Ireland. June 9-11th 1798: Bonaparte invades and captures Malta. 1-2nd July 1798: Bonaparte lands in Egypt and captures Alexandria. 21st July 1798: Bonaparte defeats the Mameluks at the Battle of the Pyramids. 24th July 1798: Bonaparte and his army enter Cairo. 1st August 1798: British fleet destroy the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile, stranding Bonaparte in Egypt. 6th August 1798: French fleet and expeditionary force sails for Ireland to aid the Irish rebels, though the rebellion is already defeated. 24th September 1798: The French government calls 200,000 men for military service. 11th October 1798: French fleet and expeditionary force defeated off coast of Ireland; six of eight warships captured. 23rd November 1798: Directory, desperate for money, imposes new real estate tax and additional taxes based on number of doors and windows. 16th November 1798:Austria and England agree to cooperate to force France back to its 1789 boundaries. 29th December 1798: Alliance between Russia, Britain and kingdoms of Naples and Sicily against France signed 4th September 1797:Coup d'état of 18 Fructidor against the royalists in the legislature. Augereau arrests Barthélemy, Pichegru, and the leading royalist deputies. 29th September 1797: irectory instructs Bonaparte to win major concessions in negotiations with Austria, and, in the event of refusal, to march on Vienna. 24-25th December 1796:Storms dislocate the French invasion fleet off the coast of Ireland and force it to return to France. 26th January 1799: new republic in Naples, named Parthénopéenne by the Directory 1st February 1799: General Louis Desaix completes the French conquest of upper Egypt. 24th February 1799: General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan prepares to cross the Rhine and invade German states and Austria 12th March 1799: The Directory declares war on Austria and on the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. 18th April 1799: French elections result in a major loss for supporters of the government, and a victory for the extreme left. 16th Jun 1799: A serious struggle begins between the newly elected left-wing members of the Council of Five Hundred and the Directory, due to the string of French military defeats. The legislature demands new measures for "public safety". 19th June 1799: the French garrison of Naples surrenders. The point of the revolution was to remove power from a single person and instead have shared power between the government and people. Napoleon ended the First Republic of France, and reverted back to the old ways of having only one person in power by declaring himself the Emperor of France. Napoleon named himself emperor of France in May 1804, and had his coronation in December. Unlike other monarchs who were crowed by a religious figure. napoleon placed the crown on his own head. Napoleon also brought aristocracy back, giving titles to people who served him well. February-July 1795: A series of peace treaties are signed, seeking to wind down the revolutionary was in Europe May-June 1795: White terror institude in the south Official Start of the "Reign of Terror" 22nd August-23rd september 1795